Market Structure Essay Example For Students

Fashion marketing Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Style advertising - Dissertation Example From this exploration plainly the idea of style is one that is currently developing to global patterns that are influencing the market. When taking a gander at various districts, it very well may be seen that there are changes and complexities that are modifying what number of can sell different design names. The ascent of globalization is one of the variables which are changing the contemporary issues and patterns. This has prompted two significant patterns in the business, one which depends on quick changes for shopper patterns, for example, discount dress, and the other which incorporates high †end style. These patterns are additionally separated by opposition or acknowledgment to various styles, explicitly which are affected by locale and the requests that are related with the region. When taking a gander at the Chinese market, it tends to be seen that the patterns are constantly changing the most famous styles. This incorporates the very good quality dress just as quick evo lving patterns, just as the opposition and acknowledgment of Western style apparel in the public arena. This exploration study will look at the changed promoting patterns in the Chinese market just as how these are straightforwardly impacting the style business broadly and universally. Increasingly significant, there will be an assessment of how the patterns are changing the heading of design names. The examination will concentrate explicitly on the acknowledgment of European brands among age Y understudies, remembering the discernments for terms of value, picture, passionate worth and mentality from purchasers. Basis for Topic The adjustments in the style business are proceeding to change at fast rates. The investigation of the Chinese market and how it is a piece of the changing patterns gives a bigger setting in understanding the design business. To start with, there is a comprehension of the item cycles and patterns that are joined into social qualities through various areas. Simultaneously, there will be a superior comprehension of how this influences the discernments and design styles in the worldwide market. The outcome will be the capacity to comprehend creation from worldwide sourcing inside the style business (Tokatli, 2006). These particular patterns will be additionally characterized with significance in light of the desires related with Generation Y youth in China. The view of brand from this age is one which is progressively open to European styles and contemporary looks that move outside of the customary Chinese styles. The contribution depends on getting status, disposition a nd enthusiastic contact with the young (O’Cass, Choy, 2008). Understanding the effect of these various themes will assist with advancing an individual vocation field with worldwide brands and with the eventual fate of design. By deciding the patterns in style in one district, universally and among Generation Y, there will be the capacity to see increasingly about the effect which this makes on the eventual fate of design marks. Points and Objectives The points of this specific investigation will be to: 1. Analyze the advertising patterns in style among Chinese customers 2. Look at the acknowledgment of universal brands, explicitly with an attention on Europe, among Chinese customers 3. Characterize the distinction between quick style patterns and excellent extravagance things 4. Look at the Generation Y patterns, mentalities and practices to worldwide brands, instead of national marking. These particular points will be utilized to comprehend promoting examples and patterns th at are at present in China just as how this connects to global patterns. All the more explicitly, the targets will recognize promoting designs that happen with explicit sorts of brands for the individuals who are in a given culture. The targets will be utilized explicitly to recognize ideas that are happening inside style and with promoting patterns. Philosophy The system will comprise of a subjective and quantitative investigation of the market that is in China. The subjective examination will comprise of studies that will be conveyed online to 50-100 Generation Y cooperations. The young will be posed inquiries

Pros and cons of gap year.

Pros and cons of gap year. Pros and Cons of Taking a Gap Year Home›Education Posts›Pros and Cons of Taking a Gap Year Education PostsAre you thinking about taking a gap year? Do you want to get rest from studying? Gap years become very popular today. Some students want to think over their future plans, some decide to earn money to pay for their university themselves, others simply want to get a break and enjoy their life. However, taking a year off may be not a smart choice. That is why, you should consider all pros and cons of gap year.Pros: • It is a great chance for you to mature and recharge. • Gap year is a good way to gain new experience and do something you have never done in your life. • You can find a job and earn money for your future education. • You may acquire new skills or develop those that you already have. • It’s a good opportunity to have the longest holiday in your life. • If you’ve already decided on what you want to study, you may prepare for it. • If you do not know what you want to major in, you have a lot of time to make this serious decision in your life.Cons: • You can forget your basic study skills and experience problems with writing assignments. But do not worry as you may find a lot of useful information at qualitycustomessays.com. • You can simply waste your time and become lazy and unorganized. For this reason, it will be hard for you to study and properly manage your time. • A year off may lead to further years off and you will never get education. • As time flies, you will be older than your classmates.As you see, there are many advantages and disadvantages of gap year. Therefore, before taking a break from studying, you should really think over and decide whether it is worth it!

DNA Structure Chains - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1829 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Biology Essay Type Research paper Tags: DNA Essay Did you like this example? 1. Introduction 1.1 DNA Structure DNA is a polymer made of subunits called as nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a deoxiribose sugar, a phosphste, and a nitrogenous base (Genetics from Genes to Genomes). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "DNA Structure Chains" essay for you Create order Watson and Crick proposed the structure for DNA (shown schematically in Figure 1 a). This is the presence of two polynucleotide strands coiling around a common axis and those strands linked together by a specific hydrogen bond scheme between the purine and pyrimidine bases (Figure 1 b), viz. adenine (A) with thymine (T) and guanine (G) with cytosine (C). The carbon atoms of the deoxyribose sugar are distinguished from atoms of the deoxyribose within the nucleotide base by the use of primed numbers from 1-5. The phosphodieser bonds always form a covalent link between the 3 carbon of one nucleoside and the 5 carbon of the following nucleoside. The consistent orientation of the nucleotide building blocks gives a chain overall direction, such that the two ends of a single chain are chemically distinct. At the 5 end, the sugar of the terminal nucleotide has a free 5 carbon atom and at the other 3 end of the chain, it is the 3 carbon of the final nucleotide that is free (Genetics from Genes to Genomes). In the model, two DNA chains spiral around an axis with the sugar-phosphate backbones on the outside and pairs of bases (one from each chain) meeting in the middle. Although both chains wind around the helix axis in a right-handed sense, chemically one of them runs 5 to 3 upward, while the other runs in the opposite direction of 5 to 3 downward. In short, the two chains are antiparallel. The base pairs are essentially flat and perpendicular to the helix axis, and the planes of the sugars are roughly perpendicular to the base pairs. As the two chains spiral about the helix axis, they wrap around each other spiral about the helix axis, they wrap around each other once every 10 base pairs, or once every 34ÃÆ'†¦ (Genes to genomes). In a space-filling representation of the model, the overall shape is that of a cylinder with a diameter of 20ÃÆ'†¦ whose axis is the axis of the double helix. The backbones spiral around the axis like threads on a screw, but because there are two backbones, there are two threads, and these two threads are vertically displaced from each other. This displacement of the backbones generates two grooves, one much wider than the other, that also spiral around the helix axis. Biochemists refer to the wider groove as the major groove and the narrower one as the minor groove. The two chains of double helix are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs, A-T and G-C. Since the overall shapes of the two base pairs are quite similar, either pair can fit into the structure at each position along with DNA. Moreover, each base pair can be accommodated in the structure in two ways that are the reverse of each other: an A purine may be on strand 1 with its corresponding T pyrimidine on strand 2 or the T pyrimidine may be on strand 1 and the A purine on strand 2. In addition A-C and G-T pairs do not fit well together; that is, they do not easily form hydrogen bonds. The DNA molec ule is essentially a polynucleotide or a polymer chain formed by phosphate diester groups joining b-D-deoxyribose sugars through their 3 and 5 hydroxyl groups (Figure 3). The backbone of the DNA molecule thus consists of six single bonds about which rotations can take place (also indicated in Figure 3) giving rise to various possible conformations/structures for the polymeric chain. As mentioned above, the canonical Watson-Crick DNA model is a two-stranded helical structure, in which the two chains are held together by hydrogen bonds between the purine (A,G) and pyrimidine (T,C) bases. There are 10 nucleotides per turn, separated by + 36 rotation and 3.4 ÃÆ'†¦ translation along the helix axis,in each of the two chains and the two chains are aligned in mutually anti-parallel orientations (Figures 1 a and 4) (Manju Bensal) DNA can inter-convert between two well-defined forms, viz. A and B (Figure 2). The molecular structures corresponding to these two forms were later show n to be essentially similar in their handedness, chain orientation and hydrogen bonding scheme. Subsequently it has become clear that the DNA molecule has an enormous ability to undergo structural changes depending on its environment by twisting, turning and stretching, leading to a pantheon of DNA structures6. Several of these structural polymorphs of DNA have now been experimentally characterized using X-ray diffraction, NMR or other spectroscopic studies and are found to vary considerably from the Watson-Crick type structure (Manju Bensal). 1.2 Principle of Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Electrophoresis is defined as movement of small ions and charged molecules in solution under the influence of an electric field (Gel Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acid, A Practical Approach). Agarose gel electrophoresis is a widely used method that separates molecules based upon charge, size and shape. It is particularly useful in separating charged biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins (Lab Electrophoresis). Agarose gel electrophoresis possesses great resolving power, yet is relatively simple and straightforward to perform. The gel is made by dissolving agarose powder in boiling buffer solution. The solution is then cooled to approximately 55oC and poured into a mol containing a comb that makes well when solution is polymerised (Lab Electrophoresis). Electrophoresis is carried out in the gels cast either in tubes or as slabs. A number of gel materials have been used successfully, including agar, agarose, and polyacrylamide. Agar and agarose gels are made by heating the gra nular material in the appropriate electrolyte buffer, casting the gels and allowing them to set on cooling. The resolving power of these gels depends on the concentration of dissolved agar or agarose; dilute gels are used for very large DNA molecules and more concentrated gels for low molecular weight DNA (Gel Electrophoresis of Nuclecic Acid, A Practical Approach). Samples are prepared for electrophoresis by mixing them with components that will give the mixture density, such as glycerol or sucrose. This makes the samples denser than the electrophoresis buffer. These samples can then be loaded with a micropipette or transfer pipet into wells that were created in the gel by a template during casting. The dense samples sink through the buffer and remain in the wells (Lab Electrophoresis). A direct current power supply is connected to the electrophoresis apparatus and current is applied. Charge molecules in the sample enter the gel through the walls of the wells. Molecules ha ving a net negative charge migrate towards the positive electrode (anode) while net positively charged molecules migrate towards the negative electrode (cathode). Within a range, the higher the applied voltage, the faster the samples migrate. The buffer serves as a conductor of electricity and to control pH. The pH is important to the charge and stability of biological molecules (Lab Electrophoresis). The rate of migration depends on the size and shape of the molecule, the charge carried. In an electric field at moderate pH, negatively-charged DNA molecules migrate towards the anode. A fractionation is achieved because large molecules move more slowly through the gel than small molecules and selection of DNA within a given size range is obtained by selecting a gel of appropriate pore size. Electrolytes used in electrophoresis generally consist of an aqueous buffer, containing a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetractate (EDTA) and a nuclease inhibitor such as sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). A number of factors affect the fractionation of RNA. Increasing the current leads to higher rates of migration, but the flow of current also results in the production of heat, which, if excessive, adversely affects the separation by causing trailing and broadening of the zones. 1.3 Fluorescence 1.3.1 Silver Staining Ethidium bromide staining is the conventional laboratory technique for the detection of DNA. Switzer et al (1979) originally introduced silver staining technique for the detection and analysis of proteins. Currently, silver staining is sometimes used to detect DNA fragments, including short interspersed nuclear elements, VNTR detection, and SNPs in various experiments (Yan-Chung Han et al, 2008). The new method is much efficient and sensitive for polymorphism DNA analysis and the detection of small amount of nucleic acid (Sommerville and Wang, 1981; Boulikas and Hancock, 1981; Goldman and Merril, 1982; and Guillemette and Lewis, 1983) but more versatile silver staining is needed for analysis of complex DNA profiles generated in DNA amplification fingerprinting and DNA sequencing (Anolles and Gresshoff, 1994). The ethidium bromide staining of DNA is time-consuming as they require a lot of preparation and handling of several solutions prior to use and needs expensive and bulky fluorescence imaging equipment. Furthermore, the sensitivity, color uniformity, and storage time of the staining gels are not ideal (Yan-Chuang Han et al, 2008). Moreover, Ethidium bromide used for staining of DNA as a conventional method is a carcinogenic substance and a cost of waster disposal. Many modifications to silver staining method have been reported since the introduction of silver staining method for the analysis of proteins and nucleic acid analysis in agarose and polyacrylamide gels. It has been reported that some procedures used to stain nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels are not suitable for agarose gels due to differences in the chemical compositions of both matrices. The agarose matrix has the disadvantage of nonspecific depositions of silver ions resulting in high background (Willoughby and Lambert 1983, Peats 1983, and Lasne et al 1983). Those protocols developed in order to reduce the nonspecific stain in agarose gels involve time-consuming pretreatment s teps with K2Cr2O7 or Na2S2O3 (Zalazar et al, 2001). During image development almost all staining procedures reduce silver ion to colloidal silver, which is then deposited in the immediate vicinity of the staining substratum. For optimal image contrast, the level of silver reduction in the gel matrix must be kept to a minimum level. This is performed by appropriate modulation of the speed of the reduction process, which depends mainly on the pH, the absolute and relative concentrations of silver and reducing agents, and the rate constant of the reaction (Anolles and Gresshoff, 1994). Silver staining is also useful for the microarray technology in order to impede the interference of fluorescent label with the hybridisation process. This advantage is achieved by application of silver staining after the hybridization process. Silver staining also eliminates the need of fluorescence imaging equipment in microarray technology by means of using a film scanner. The aims of the pres ent study are to optimize a silver staining protocol performed for a commercially obtained DNA molecular weight marker, in which the procedure is modified. The detection limit of silver staining is investigated and is compared with ethidium bromide staining. Moreover, some of the siver staining methods are varied and are compared with ethidium bromide staining. The silver staining protocol is modified inorder to increase the sensitivity and reduce background staining. After a suitable protocol is optimized DNA are deposited on filter paper at various dilutions and stained with the optimized. This has implications for the development of portable biosensors with label free detection.

Beowulf, By Seamus Heaney - 930 Words

Beowulf is an epic poem written 1000 to 1300 years ago in Old English and translated by Seamus Heaney into Modern English. Beowulf is a significant piece of literature art work not only because it is one of the earliest known works, but also because it reflects and represents the authors, the Anglo-Saxons’ culture and values. At first, this story was passed around orally, from one person to another. Then, later on, the Anglo-Saxons wrote the entire story down into a manuscript. As well as the Anglo-Saxons loved their stories, they loved to boast, too. Boasting wasn’t an arrogant thing to do in their society, instead, it was socially acceptable, or even essential in one’s life. The Anglo-Saxons loved telling stories and boasting; they also liked material things such as gold swords and silver shields. Those were the rewards a soldier receives from their king, which represents their qualities and achievements. Beowulf reveals the Anglo-Saxons’ values in ma ny parts of the poem. Stories appeared the most frequently in Beowulf. The first 64 lines of Beowulf is a story about the old king Shield Sheafson, â€Å"So. The Spear-Danes in days gone by / and the kings who ruled them had courage and greatness. / We have heard of those princes’ heroic campaigns. †(1-3), this already proves the importance of stories to the Anglo-Saxons. Stories were mostly what the Anglo-Saxons did for entertainment. People would gather around in a hall, with food and their drinks, and they would begin toShow MoreRelatedBeowulf, By Seamus Heaney1971 Words   |  8 Pagesform in many unique ways perceived by society. People hold many opinions on what a true hero is. However, our society is gifted with a clear representation on what qualities make a true hero in the epic poem Beowulf translated by Seamus Heaney. Although there is no true author, fortunately Seamus Heaney’s translation gives a deeper analysis which allows the reader to better grip key concepts and ge t the closest possible to the actual translation. This epic poem dates back to around 700 to 1000 AD duringRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By Seamus Heaney2116 Words   |  9 PagesBiography: Beowulf is an old story, that was composed somewhere between the middle of the seventh and tenth century, that used to be told orally in front of large groups of people, never being written down until much later when the original teller was long dead. Therefore the original author of Beowulf is unknown, however Seamus Heaney is one of the many to have translated it from old english into current english so many others can enjoy it as well. Seamus Heaney was born on April 13 in 1939. BornRead MoreReview Of Beowulf By Seamus Heaney2154 Words   |  9 PagesSydney Pritchard Mr. McMullan 10th Grade Honors English 13 July 2015 Book Report Title: Beowulf Author: Seamus Heaney Date of Publication: 2000 Historical Context: Genre: epic heroic poem Plot: During the Dark Ages of Europe, in the late 5th century, powerful Scandinavian empires emerged. One of those, the Danish empire, prospered under its ruler, Hrothgar, a decendent of the great Shield Sheafson. To commemorate his warriors for helping him build his empire, Hrothgar built a great mead hall, a placeRead MoreBeowulf a Poem Translated by Seamus Heaney Essay1072 Words   |  5 PagesIn the poem, Beowulf, by an unknown poet, as translated by Seamus Heaney, we see many monstrous behaviors. A few of the examples stand out more than the rest: wanton destruction, a woman acting as a man, and the act of killing one’s kin. Wanton destruction goes against the ideals that governed the Anglo-Saxon culture. The warrior kings had duties to uphold. We see that they revered kings who would bring protection and give freely to the young and old and not cause harm. One good illustration ofRead MoreBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Period1740 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf The original poem, Beowulf, goes back to the Anglo-Saxon period in c. 650 and c.1100. Authors translated Beowulf many times in the Anglo-Saxon period to present day. It displays how a hero should be in the real world. He helps the people in the village and slays monsters. Everyone in the village looks up to him as he acts as if he were a role model. Beowulf, the protagonist in the translated Beowulf by Seamus Heaney, is a hero of his village, stands for bravery, strong will, and noblenessRead MoreValue Of Loyalty In Beowulf949 Words   |  4 PagesIn this thrilling poem Beowulf by Seamus Heaney, Beowulf shows characteristics of a noble warrior who takes on different journeys against monsters to be crowned as the undisputed warrior and bring home prestige for his fellow clan members. Beowulf first task on his path to gain glory is to defeat the merciless monster Grendel, who haunts Heorot for twelve long winters. If he wins this battle, he does not only gain glory and respect for himself, but also for his king and clan. He exhibits all theRead MoreTheme Of Loyalty In Beowulf813 Words   |  4 Pagesthemes that emerge throughout the poem ‘Beowulf by Seamus Heaney’. With a focus on an extract in Beowulf, this essay will explore how Seamus Heaney shows the themes loyalty and courage through the use of diction and imagery. In this extract, Beowulf is seen battling the dragon with his companions, however, Beowulf’s companions all leave except for Wiglaf. Wiglaf expresses his loyalty and dedication towards Beowulf through a speech and bravely helps Beowulf. Beowulf then uses his sword to try and killRead MoreTheme Of Heroism In Beowulf1544 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf demonstrates the qualities and traits of being an ideal hero. In the poem it explores Beowulf ‘s heroism in two distinct stages which are youth and age. Beowulf has three separate and very difficult conflicts that involve Grendel, Grendel’s mother and the dragon. When you are viewing these major encounters with the three different people Beowulf demonstrates the importance of heroic code. There is a much clearer division between Beowulf’s adolescent heroism as a warrior as well as in onesRead MoreCultural Progression through Beowulf Essay examples569 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf is an Old English poem. It was wr itten sometime between 700 and 1,000 A.D. Over the years it has been edited and rewritten countless times. Some of the more recent versions do their best to stay as close to the original story as possible while others make rather large changes to make it more engaging for today’s audiences Seamus Heaney translated a version of Beowulf in 2001. He tried hard to translate the story in a way that best represents the original. Heaney’s version is bilingual withRead MoreLanguage in Beowulf Essay767 Words   |  4 Pagesancient but timeles epic poem Beowulf. Beowulf was written in Old English by an unknown author between the centuries of 800 AD and 1000 AD. Year after year, a new translation is made by an author. Each translation is completely different, yet still the same poem. It is tedious for authors to make their translation literal to the original epic, while simultaneously making it understandable, modern, and readable. Many have tried to accomplish this, but personally I find that Seamus Heaney’s translation of

Gang Violence among Adolescents Free Essays

Whenever I see young adolescents loitering or hanging out in streets, doing nothing worthwhile but trying to act tough while showing it to their friends or hurting other people, I feel nothing but regret. They should have been at school, learning things that could help them have a better job and future, or at home helping their family and having fun with them. They could do so much if only they make better use of their time and youth. We will write a custom essay sample on Gang Violence among Adolescents or any similar topic only for you Order Now Local governments are faced with the problems associated with gang violence among adolescents. Preventing adolescents from wasting their lives should be a matter of importance for communities, and this should be prioritized because adolescents can have a better future away from the streets. When crowds of young people gather, they may take a group identity. Other groups or even them, may identify themselves as gangs. Furthermore, cliques tend to identify the formation of a gang as a result of threats or conflicts, police pressure and media coverage. According to studies, gang behavior is â€Å"situational in nature,† and the attribution of hostile behavior to one gang may further contribute to the formation and identity of a gang. In addition, it may be further solidified once â€Å"neighbors, police, school authorities, and others identify unsupervised groups of young people as gangs† (Short, 1996, p. 3). Preventing young people from being associated with violent gangs have been one of the priorities of communities. Past studies showed that gang violence continue to plague communities as gang-related crimes increased over time. For instance, in 1995, it showed that gang-related homicides increased. From 1979 to 1994 alone, a record of 7,288 gang-related homicides was documented in Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). The proportion of gang-related homicides increased from 18 to 43 percent (Maceo, 1995). These figures alone would tell how worse gang violence has become. Gang violence brings young people to jails. In fact, many adolescents have been charged for being involved in criminal activities. Just this year, a 15-year-old student was killed by a young man who was an alleged member of a violent street gang. The 18-year-old suspect, who pleaded guilty, was charged with 30 years in prison (Castaneda, 2009). This scenario should not be the kind of life that young people must have. Families should be the first ones involved as they are the primary influencing factors in the lives of adolescents. In the case mentioned above, the parents of the victim were completely unaware that their son was a member of a gang. They learned about it when it was too late to save their son. Parents should know the things that their children are being involved in, and must find ways to talk to their children about the consequences of joining gangs that tend to be violent. Parents should encourage their children to be involved in more worthwhile activities, such as sports, that would further develop their skills and improve their talents and make them better individuals. The community also has responsibilities in preventing the existence of violent gangs. There should be constant patrols especially in dark and derelict areas. It would be also beneficial if there are programs designed to lure young people away from the streets, such as volunteer works or business ventures that would teach adolescents the importance of working and being properly compensated for a good work done. Moreover, a center for young people can help those who are trying to get out of gangs and trying to change. Attention must be focused to those who want a way out because they might be harmed due to their willingness to have a better life. These young people should really have a good, fruitful life that a violent gang can never give them. How to cite Gang Violence among Adolescents, Papers

Managing students with disabilities

Introduction Disability is one of the challenges encountered by teachers when delivering there services to students. It should be noted that nearly all the students could achieve their academic objectives if the right teaching and learning techniques are applied that take into account the individual student needs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing students with disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different students having different learning abilities prompting for a need by the educators to differently address these students with special education needs. If not correctly considered, the students in with mild disabilities under other unidentified disabilities might suffer due to the current emphasis on the educational sector that an inclusive educational practice be adopted. The instructors in this case should have the required knowledge and appropriately intervene to help these students to cope u p with the curriculum requirements. Instructional issues that are encountered in education are those arising due to the inability of the students to acquire, maintain, and relate the skills that are learned in class to other settings within and outside the classroom (Keel et al, 1999). Instructional issues to be addressed for students with the disabilities Students with autism Autism refers to a disorder in the development of the nervous system. It refers to a group of slowly evolving disorders of the central nervous system that are collectively referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorders or Autism Spectrum Conditions. The victims of this disorder are seen to have an impaired speech. They are also seen to have difficulties in social interaction. Regardless of type and level of autism in an individual, these behavioral and social developments are always retarded. The other obvious signs of autism include forgetfulness, problem in understanding and following instructions, avoiding direct eye contact during communication or poor sexual development. Children with autism are epileptic, have no intuitions, and show no love or empathy for others. They consider the others much the same way they do to objects.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Handling students with this kind of disability is one of the hard tasks that a trainer will have to perform. One problem that the instructors face in handling autistic students is that they (autistic students) have little or no ability to concentrate in a given task like learning in class. However, despite their slow learning pace, there are techniques that can be applied to help the autistic students learn and achieve there desired goals. Students with E/BD Students with emotional and behavioral disorder manifest some kind of uncontrolled behaviour. The instructors need to first establish if the actions of a student are caused by emoti onal disturbance requiring special education, or it results from other psychological disorders. Students with emotional behavioral disorders have a low ability to learn and retain a concept in class (Westwood 2009, p.101). They are not good at listening and taking instruction, which is a fundamental teaching and learning requirement. If the students with emotional and behavioral disorders are not properly handled, the effects of their uncontrolled behavior can extend and affect the learning of other students as well. The difficulties that are associated with this kind of disorder among the student can be categorized as either externalized and internalized manifestations (Westwood p.99). The externalized symptoms include unexplained aggression, being hostile, inability to socialize with the others, and inability to comply with the given instructions. The internalized signs include anxiety, social isolation, as well as exhibiting emotional depression. Emotional behavioral disorders fa ll in the broad category of student disability referred to as high-incidence disabilities. The other kinds of disabilities in this group are learning disabilities (LD) and mild intellectual disabilities (MID). Even though victims of all these disabilities show similar social adaptability, they are seen to differ in cognitive and behavioral characteristics (Sabornie et al, 2006). Discussions The potential resources that may useful to obtain information/support for dealing with the above disability issues.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing students with disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The teachers are the central players in identifying the students with some kind of disabilities and the kind of special needs education that are appropriate for such groups of students. However, a collective responsibility needs the co-operation of all the stakeholders of a given learning institution. The followi ng are some of the individuals and individual practices that can be appropriate in identifying and managing mild disabilities among the students. Fellow students Some behavioral disorders are known to spread due to the peer influence that occurs among the students. However, ensuring that the environment in class is favorable for learning is a collective responsibility that includes the participation of even the students. It is through the co-operation of the students that an emerging uncontrolled behavior in some students can be identified and controlled. Besides, in an inclusive class, the other students with learning difficulties can be assisted through collective learning practices. Fellow Teachers These are the most valuable resources in helping a teacher to identify a disability issue that affects the teaching and learning process. Teachers should have instructional and collaborative teaming with the other teachers and professionals to help identify and manage disabilities in s tudents (Rodriguez 1998). Collaboration among a group of teachers is useful since it can take a single teacher to take a long time before identifying a weakness in a student. School administrators The administration has to ensure that there are adequate staffs that are trained on the techniques of handling students with various mild disabilities (Rodriguez 1998). The institutional management should ensure that there is proper time schedule for the learning process that fits students with these disabilities.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They should monitor how the teachers follow the learning schedules that have been planned. They should also establish and reinforce corrective measures that can be used for students with uncontrolled behaviors. Family and community The community from which a student hails can determine the kind of behaviors exhibited by the students. The community has a lot of support to offer to the student before, during, and after the schooling period (Rodriguez 1998). The knowledge of the family background of a student can quickly help a teacher in identifying the disabilities in that student. Collaboration of teachers and the parents of a student can help in identifying disorders like autism, which may not be noticed at the first instance in school. Having identified a disorder in a student, there is still need for co-operation between the students and parents to ensure that the disorder is managed or corrected. Family or group psychotherapy can be of some help (Westwood 2009, p107. Both the pa rties will give the necessary psychological, instructional, or financial support for the student. Life experiences Some of the emotional and behavioral behaviors witnessed in students stem from the experiences that one has had in life. For instance, female students who have had a childhood sexual abuse may show some signs of uncontrolled emotional behavior. The teachers then need to be conversant with the possible effects of such childhood abuses before developing the best approach to manage the situation. Some personal experiences by the teacher concerning some of the uncontrolled emotional behavior among the students can also be help in identifying and managing the vice. Support staff like lab technician or librarian It might take long for a teacher to identify some poor behavior in students, especially those that are internally manifested. The students may be cheeky enough to conceal their true behavior while near the teaching staff and the administrators. A librarian or laborato ry technician can be of some help (Rodriguez 1998). A report on a student’s ability or conduct can also be obtained from other staffs like their librarian or laboratory technician. The conduct of a student during some social function as reported by security officials can provide an insight of his/her behavior. Curriculum developers The curriculum developers need to ensure that a coursework is designed that incorporates the techniques of managing various disabilities in students. Behavioral analysis techniques and behavioral reinforcement techniques should be fundamental components of every curriculum (Westwood 2009, p.107). The teachers need to understand that techniques like rebuking a student publicly may mere worsen the situation rather than correct it. Potential strategies that can be used to meet the challenges presented by the instructional issues. An important factor that a trainer handling autistic student needs to consider is that the role needs a lot of patience and perseverance. They also need to understand that these students often prefer a set of routine learning practices. Therefore, there needs to be no application of a variety of teaching techniques. The appropriate strategies are a combination of teacher directed and student directed interventions. These strategies might be of some help. Never alter or modify the schedules The children with autism are known to prefer and enjoy activities that are routinely carried out. Making unnecessary alterations in the learning schedules might cause them trouble, as they will take relatively long period to adapt to the changes. Even though such a practice may be applicable in school, it might be hard to be adopted by private tutors or other mentors at home. Nonetheless, such alterations should be avoided as much as possible. Select the appropriate learning style There is also a need for the teachers to understand and adopt the teaching and learning style that is most suitable for a given student wit h disability. While some of the autistic students may be good taking instruction through listening, most of them are unable to concentrate and can best be instructed through illustration and demonstration. Address writing issues- introduce computers A more common problem among the students with autism is their inability to get hold of a pen and provide eligible writing. A teaching and learning session should involve an instruction given by the teacher followed by a response from the students. This response could be required in form of written work. The application of modern information technology like computer can enable the teacher and student to communicate effectively with each other. Use interesting objects like toys to give illustrations One of the features of an effective curriculum is its ability to introduce a concept from a point that is well known to the student. Using teaching aids that are familiar to the students often restores their attention back to class thereby impr oving the quality of the learning process. Most autistic children are used to playing with toys. The instructors’ uses of toys to demonstrate some model will attract their attention and makes them concentrate in class. Identify the other talents in these students like Students have different abilities in curriculum as well as extra curricula activities. A student who has mild disability like autism may be discouraged by his/her inability to perform well in academics. However, such students often have talents in other fields like sports, craft, or music. If any of the talents is identified and properly cultivated, then these students can be able to understand how they are not very different from the rest. Other strategies Apart from the strategies discussed for dealing with autism in students, other strategies might be appropriate in handling instructional issues in a collective inclusion of students. These include the use of self-instructional approaches, encouraging group le arning among the students, employing individual direct instruction, and encouraging mutual learning skills among the students (Keel et al 1999). Forming groups of heterogeneous students as well as the inclusion of the mild disabled students in classroom discussions help in managing these disabilities (Rodriguez 1998). The teachers should consistently monitor the students’ progress to check if the corrective strategies are succeeding in managing the disability. The teachers should also establish rules and regulations to be used in class and the penalties associated with them (Westwood 2009, p108). The other strategy that can be adopted to manage students with uncontrolled behavior is the application of Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) (Zionts Banks, 2008, p.2). This involves the application of cognitive-behavioral intervention programs to help in shaping the students’ behavior while boosting their cognitive ability. It helps one in reducing the self-defeating emotions. It is aimed at ‘bringing about a reduction in the intensity of inappropriate negative emotions of students’ (Banks Zionts, 2008, p.12). Conclusion The teachers need to understand the diversity that occurs among the students that they meet in learning institutions. Different students have different abilities in learning and, as far as possible, they should be provided with individual attention to supply their educational needs. The teachers need to understand that every student can be trained to meet a given standard if and only if the appropriate corrective measure is taken. Identifying and managing such disabilities is a collective responsibility that requires the cooperation of all the stakeholders in education. References Banks, T. and Zionts, P., 2008. REBT Used with Children and Adolescents who have Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Educational Settings: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Rational – Emotive Cognitive – Behavior Th erapy, Vol. 27, Iss. 1; p. 51. Web. Keel, M. et al. 1999. Selecting Instructional Interventions for Students with Mild Disabilities in Inclusive Classrooms. Focus on Exceptional Children, Vol. 31, Issue 8. Web. Rodriguez, P., 1998. Critical Issue: Meeting the Diverse Needs of Young Children North. Central Regional Educational Laboratory. Web. Sabornie, E. et al. 2006. Comparing characteristics of high-incidence disability groups: a descriptive review. Web. Westwood, P., 2009. What Teachers Need to Know About Students with Disabilities Victoria: Aust Council for Ed Research. This essay on Managing students with disabilities was written and submitted by user Nathaly G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Catcher In The Rye Essays (716 words) - Literary Realism

Catcher In The Rye Essays (716 words) - Literary Realism Catcher In The Rye The Catcher in the Rye In J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye, the first person narration is critical in helping the reader to know and understand the main character, Holden Caulfield. Holden, in his narration, relates a flashback of a significant period of his life, three days and nights on his own in New York City. Through his narration, Holden discloses to the reader his innermost thoughts and feelings. He thus provides the reader not only with information of what occurred, but also how he felt about what happened. Holden's thoughts and ideas reveal many of his character traits. One late Saturday night, four days before the beginning of school vacation, Holden is alone, bored and restless, wondering what to do. He decides to leave Pencey, his school, at once and travels to New York by train. He decides that, once in New York, he will stay in a cheap motel until Wednesday, when he is to return home. His plan shows the reader how very impetuous he is and how he acts on a whim. He is unrealistic, thinking that he has a foolproof plan, even though the extent of his plans are to take a room in a hotel.., and just take it easy till Wednesday. Holden's excessive thoughts on death are not typical of most adolescents. His near obsession with death might come from having experienced two deaths in his early life. He constantly dwells on Allie, his brother's, death. From Holden's thoughts, it is obvious that he loves and misses Allie. In order to hold on to his brother and to minimize the pain of his loss, Holden brings Allie's baseball mitt along with him where ever he goes. The mitt has additional meaning and significance for Holden because Allie had written poetry, which Holden reads, on the baseball mitt. Holden's preoccupation with death can be seen in his contemplation of a dead classmate, James Castle. It tells the reader something about Holden that he lends his turtleneck sweater to this classmate, with whom he is not at all close. Holden's feelings about people reveal more of his positive traits. He constantly calls people phonies, even his brother, D.B., who has sold out to Hollywood. Although insulting, his seemingly negative feelings show that Holden is a thinking and analyzing, outspoken individual who values honesty and sincerity. He is unimpressed with people who try to look good in other's eyes. Therefore, since it is obvious that Holden is bright, the reason for his flunking out of school would seem to be from a lack of interest. Holden has strong feelings of love towards children as evidenced through his caring for Phoebe, his little sister. He is protective of her, erasing bad words from the walls in her school and in a museum, in order that she not learn from the graffiti. His fondness for children can be inferred when he tells her that, at some time in the future, he wants to be the only grown-up with all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. He'll stand on the edge of a cliff and catch anybody who starts to fall off the edge of the cliff. He got this image from his misinterpretation of a line from the Robert Burns poem, if a body catch a body comin' through the rye. When situations are described, in person or in a book, they are influenced by the one who describes them, and by his or her perceptions and experiences. Through Holden's expressions of his thoughts and feelings, the reader sees a youth, sensitive to his surroundings, who chooses to deal with life in unique ways. Holden is candid, spontaneous, analytical, thoughtful, and sensitive, as evidenced by his narration. Like most adolescents, feelings about people and relationships are often on his mind. Unfortunately, in Holden's case, he seems to expect the worst, believing that the result of getting close to people is pain. Pain when others reject you or pain when they leave you, such as when a friend walks off or a beloved brother dies. It would not have been possible to feel Holden's feelings or understand his thoughts nearly as

Definition and Examples of Clarity in Prose

Definition and Examples of Clarity in Prose Clarity is a characteristic of a speech or a prose composition that communicates effectively with its intended audience. Also called perspicuity. In general, the qualities of clearly written prose include a carefully defined purpose, logical organization, well-constructed sentences, and precise word choice. Verb: clarify. Contrast with gobbledygook. EtymologyFrom the Latin, clear. Examples and Observations When asked what qualities they value most in writing, people who must read a great deal professionally put clarity at the top of their list. If they have to invest too much effort in figuring out the writers meaning, they will give up in dismay or annoyance.(Maxine C. Hairston, Successful Writing. Norton, 1992)All men are really attracted by the beauty of plain speech [but they] write in a florid style in imitation of this.(Henry David Thoreau, quoted by J.M. Williams in Ten Lessons in Clarity and Grace, 1981)The main thing I try to do is write as clearly as I can. I rewrite a good deal to make it clear.(E.B. White, The New York Times. Aug. 3, 1942)It is bad manners to give [readers] needless trouble. Therefore clarity. . . . And how is clarity to be achieved? Mainly by taking trouble and by writing to serve people rather than to impress them.(F.L. Lucas, Style.  Cassell, 1955)For any kind of public speaking, as for any kind of literary communication,  clarity  is the  highes t beauty.(Hughes Oliphant Old, The Reading and Preaching of the Scriptures. Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2004) Clear BeginningsMeek or bold, a good beginning achieves clarity. A sensible line threads through the prose; things follow one another with literal logic or with the logic of feeling. Clarity isnt an exciting virtue, but its a virtue always, and especially at the beginning of a piece of prose. Some writers seem to resist clarity, even to write confusingly on purpose. Not many would admit to this.One who did was the wonderful-though-not-to-be-imitated Gertrude Stein: My writing is clear as mud, but mud settles and clear streams run on and disappear. Oddly, its one of the clearest sentences she ever wrote.For many other writers, clarity simply falls victim to a desire to achieve other things, to dazzle with style or to bombard with information. Its one thing for the reader to take pleasure in the writers achievements, another when the writers own pleasure is apparent. Skill, talent, inventiveness, all can become overbearing and intrusive. The image that calls attention to itself is ofte n the image you can do without.(Tracy Kidder and Richard Todd, The Best Beginning: Clarity. The Wall Street Journal, January 11, 2013) The Challenge of Writing ClearlyIts good to write clearly, and anyone can. . . .Of course, writing fails for reasons more serious than unclear sentences. We bewilder our readers when we cant organize complex ideas coherently, and we cannot hope for their assent when we ignore their reasonable questions and objections. But once weve formulated our claims, organized their supporting reasons logically, and grounded those reasons on sound evidence, we still have to express it all in clear and coherent language, a difficult task for most writers, and a daunting one for many.It is a problem that has afflicted generations of writers who, instead of communicating their ideas in clear and direct language, hide them not only from their readers, but sometimes even from themselves. When we read that kind of writing in government regulations, we call it bureaucratese . . .. Written deliberately or carelessly, it is a language of exclusion that a diverse and democratic society cannot tolerate.(Jos eph M. Williams, Style: The Basics of Clarity and Grace. Addison Wesley Longman, 2003) Lanham on ClarityThere are so many ways of being clear! So many different audiences to be clear to! When I tell you to Be clear! I am simply telling you to Succeed, Get the message across. Again, good advice but not much real help. I have not solved your problem, Ive simply restated it. Clarity, in such a formulation, refers not to words on a page but to responses, yours or your readers. And the writer has to write words on a page, not ideas in a mind. . . .The successful communication that clarity points to is finally our success in getting someone else to share our view of the world, a view we have composed by perceiving it. And if this is true of perception it must hold true for prose too. To write is to compose a world as well as view one.(Richard Lanham, Analyzing Prose. Continuum, 2003)​

What's Complicating Bernanke's Balancing Act by James Cooper Essay

What's Complicating Bernanke's Balancing Act by James Cooper - Essay Example The Federal Reserve was created to guide the nation towards a stable financial system. It's goal is to maintain stable prices, low inflation, and moderate long term-interest rates. Keeping inflation low though monetary policies is one of the ways to ensure a stable economic preformance. The article also talks about how proposed protectionist policies threaten to increases overall inflation. The author believes that present interest rates are too low, and that globalization makes it harder to determine the right interest rates to promote economic growth. Usually, high demand for goods and services would result in increased interest rates by the Federal Reserve to slow down demand and thus curb inflation. This is appropriate if the demand exceeds economic ability to produce those goods and services. However, a global market changes the dynamics of traditional economic systems, giving the Federal Reserve less control over the economy. Indeed, prices of goods and services are determined by overseas market factors aside from those in the United States. The issue of globalization, which is the expansion and growth of international economic activity, has always been a fiercely debated issue. It is a complex process operating in various levels which can lead to increased competition, government borrowing, trade, etc. These factors have variable effects depending on the government's policies and management. The author's conjecture is that globalization resulting into an "interdependency" among economies will help prevent an economic crisis in the United States from happening (although the dollar could weaken due to the economic success of other foreign currencies). I agree. Nations are turning into one global network where standards of living depend on the value added to that network. It brings about gains thorough consumption and exchange between the nations involved. A significant amount of economic growth seen in the late 20th century is owed much to globalization and the free trade. One of it's drawbacks however, is the imbalance in world trade. Article 2: "U.S.: The Double Whammy That Could Ignite Inflation" by James Cooper, March 20, 2006 in BusinessWeek Online The article talks about how the decrease in productivity together with the rise of labor costs could potentially hike up inflation at economically debilitating levels. Last year, productivity increased-a good performance, considering the economy was weak during the year's end. However, the growth rate has progressively declined over the past three years, which is not a good sign. The correlation between labor costs and productivity was also explored in the article: the increase in labor compensations has slowed productivity, and the trend is likely to continue. Typically, productivity helps offset labor costs. However, if productivity is low, companies will be forced to raise prices to compensate and keep profits healthy. As such, this will affect Federal Reserve decisions regarding interest rates. The Federal Reserve can help curb inflation levels by imposing higher interest rates to lessen demand and stabilize economic performance. Economists concur that an economy will be better off if inflation is low, thus economic policies should aspire for stability in prices. A fast growth without inflation could be possible with higher productivity, and the author postulates that this is could be done through companies' utilization of technological innovations. For the most part, I agree with this conjecture. The issue about technological and economic changes is not new. Innovations in the Industrial Revolution caused a huge leap

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Summary - Essay Example The author also adds that he shall cover the vital issues concerning anti-democratic perspectives in Islamic political thought, which touch on divine sovereignty. He concludes the abstract by stating he shall argue in favor of the core of human agency as a major factor in creating and suppressing these thoughts with regard to Islam and democracy. According to the author, although shura and bay’a are extensively covered in the Quran and Sunna, they are not discussed and dissected in detail. Rather, they have been created by the ijitihad of Muslim jurists, creativity, political thoughts, and interpretations (Ashour 1). He goes on to say that he shall also address some likely counterarguments: undemocratic decipher of the above-mentioned concepts, in addition to the most salient, and that is the Islamically-grounded argument related to the notion of divine sovereignty. The research question therefore, is: what are the foundations of, and barriers to, democracy in Islamic politica l notions. The author ends this section by confirming that his discussion will be focused on the previously-mentioned bases (bay’a and shura) and a major impediment (divine sovereignty as opposed to populist sovereignty). The conclusion will entail a general evaluation of the connection between democracy and Islam (Ashour 2). Defining Democracy This section begins with a distinction of the two main forms of democracy: liberal and electoral. Drawing on the work of Joseph Schumpeter, electoral democracy may be defined as an institutional framework for arriving at political decisions in which individuals gain the power to decide through competitive struggle for the votes of the populace. Electoral democracy may be illiberal, condoning the tyranny of the majority as de Tocqueville described. Electoral democracy must not include detailed provisions for protecting the rights of the minorities, nor does it need the absence of special domains of power, like those of the clergy and th eir concept of valyi al-faqih in Iran or Turkey’s military. On the other hand, liberal democracy is made up of many provisions for defending minorities against the tyranny of the majority. It also needs the absence of special domains of power for specific social groups like the clergy and the military. Is there an Islamic Political System? Experts on Islamic studies and Muslim political scholars are usually divided on this question, with two rejectionist factions at opposite ends of the divide and a lot of accomodationists sandwiched between them. The author states that all the arguments of the accomodationists (including the one on depoliticization) and the rejectionists base their justification and legitimacy at least partially (and in a majority of cases totally) on Islamic history and/or Islamic theological literature and scholars. It is virtually impossible therefore to present the argument that there is one sole special Islamic political system. In other words, as put b y two modernist Islamist scholars, â€Å"Muslims have a human comprehension of Islam†¦.it is erroneous for us to say that there is a particular system that symbolizes the Islamic system† (Ashour 3). Does Islam have a â€Å"Political Dimension†? After a consideration of various theoretical and empirical arguments, a look at the Islamic

The Elegant Universe :: essays research papers

Part I: The Edge of Knowledge Chapter 1: Tied Up with Strings This is the introductory section, where the author, Brian Greene, examines the fundamentals of what is currently proven to be true by experimentation in the realm of modern physics. Green goes on to talk more about "The Basic Idea" of string theory. He describes how physicists are aspiring to reach the Theory of Everything, or T.O.E. Some suspect when string theory is completely understood that it might turn out to become the T.O.E.Part II: The Dilemma of Space, Time, and Quanta Chapter 2: Space, Time, and the Eye of the Beholder In the chapter, Greene describes how Albert Einstein solved the paradox about light. In the mid-1800's James Maxwell succeeded in showing that light was actually an electromagnetic wave. From this he concluded that light always travels at the speed of light. It never slows down. Einstein asked the question: "What happens if we chase after a beam of light, at light speed?" From reasoning based on Newton's laws of motion, one can assume that the light would appear stationary. But according to Maxwell's theory, light cannot be stationary. Einstein solved this problem through his special theory of relativity. Greene continues with his explanations of the special theory of relativity.Chapter 3: Of Warps and Ripples Green begins the chapter by describing "Newton's View of Gravity" and continues by discussing the incompatibility of Newtonian Gravity and Special Relativity. The author also talks about how Einstein discovered the link between acceleration and the warping of space and time. Greene also discuses the basic aspects of General Relativity. He later points out how the two theories of relativity effect black holes, the big bang, and the expansion of space.Chapter 4: Microscopic Weirdness This chapter describes, in detail, the workings of quantum mechanics. The author tells of how waves are effected by quantum mechanic. He also discusses the fact that electromagnetic radiation, or photons, are actually particles and waves. He continues to discuss how matter particles are also matter, but because of their h bar, is so small, the effects are not seen. Green concludes the quantum mechanics discussion by talking about the uncertainty principle.Chapter 5: The need for a New Theory: General Relativity vs. Quantum Mechanics This chapter compares the theory of general relativity and quantum mechanics. It shows that relativity mainly concerns that microscopic world, while quantum mechanics deals with the microscopic world.

Fast Food Nation Essay

Of all non-profit organizations involved in the improvement of food handling, S. T. O. P or Safe Tables Our Priority deserved to be supported by the government as it had effectively acted as public health organization dedicated to preventing illness and death from food-borne pathogens. Since 1993, S. T. O. P had advocated changes in US public policy, widely educated and had done massive outreach, provided assistance to the victims of food-borne diseases, and implemented in-depth studies based on victims’ experience and listed them in the organizations’ registry so as for them to study the long-term consequences of food-borne disease. Historically, the organization was borne out of united anguish of parents of E. coli O157:H7 victims brought about the mishandling of foods by Jack in the Box hamburgers. Given its substantial numbers of victims, it has reached a nationwide attention of the public and the media. The group has presented itself with a clear mission of propagating food safety rules and regulations that would safeguard and inform the American populace on the seriousness of the illness. And since there was no existing organization as such, S. T. O. P. ’s membership had radically increased. Now everyone worries about the nutritional implications of excessive dining at fast-food restaurants and food safety issues. Moreover, their national visibility has soared as they were frequently contacted by media sources. Since then, new programs across the nation had run five different shows discussing meat, seafood, poultry, produce and even fruit juice safety guidelines for the sake of public education. Because of the mass media channel, food industry and legislative officials had taken action and highlighted the issue of food safety whereas before none had done at all. Through the media mileage S. T. O. P. ’s mission had a pivotal momentum as media had effectively assisted its advocacy and legislative efforts that had resulted to reform of food safety in the United States. Current food safety strategy followed by both the government and industry places far too much emphasis on consumer behavior. This over-emphasis on consumer education fosters the misleading impression that it is the consumers’ responsibility to make sure their food is safe, and if people get sick, it is their own fault. Furthermore, through their research they had found out that there were government agencies that lacked efficient communication when the said outbreak happened. They also found out that there were agencies of the government that are aware of the emerging food-borne pathogens however they lacked propagation of the knowledge nor do they have any comprehensive plan to resolve it. According to their study, the USDA (Department of Agriculture), the Congress and the media had failed to inspect these food products and aren’t aware of the massive growth in numbers of its victims. Moreover, S. T. O. P. had joined Safe Food Coalition, an organization with twelve consumer groups that advocated food safety. After several, extensive communication with USDA S. T. O. P. had became a catalyst for change as they were invited to join at policy making table and became a key player in assisting and promoting the launching of food handling inspection after ninety years. They endorsed microbial testing for animal fecal contamination like Salmonella and E. coli. They implored government agencies to reform their policies and address improved food handling. They implored that medical professional for humans and not just veterinarians to work at USDA. They implored for USDA to eradicate conflict of interest in view of the fact that both the marketing and the inspection of food handling is under the same department. In addition, the organization had promptly become the shelter of food-borne victims. They had received frequent telephone calls inquiring about the disease and S. T. O. P. had distributed packets of information from consumers to households. Members had helped try save victims and their families through anchoring various lectures for those struggling with the medical and emotional repercussions of the disease. Then in 2003, S. T. O. P. had launched a groundbreaking report entitled, â€Å"Why Are People Still Dying from Contaminated Food. † It reports the food safety challenges and their recommendations. They advocated that everyone should address the problem from the start of food handling fro instance by keeping pathogens out of the food supply. Also, they had distributed this information through mailings, newsletters and currently through E-alerts. These medium had discussed numerous food-borne diseases such as Pathogens 101, E. coli 0157:H7 bacteria, viruses like Hepatitis A and Norovirus among others, parasites from foods such as Cryptosporidium and others, other syndromes and conditions like Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), nvCJD (Mad Cow Disease) and reactive Arthritis/Reiter’s among others, numerous miscellaneous illnesses from digested metals, toxins, prions or wasting diseases and even plastics. Suffice it to say in its endeavor to combat food-borne bacteria S. T. O. P. has had many successes as they focus on advocacy, victim support, outreach, and safe food education. For more than fifteen years they already had worked with both national and local media, responsive food industry trade groups and firms, government agencies such as the Congress, USDA, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Through various television segments such as S. T. O. P. in the News, numerous newsletters, teleseminars and podcasts, press releases, media kits, special events and reports, speaking engagements, and online educational resources, the organization had brought about a drastic change in the eating lifestyle of Americans. Thus, the government should be supporting such agencies that clearly promote safety on its constituents.

Recognize and Use Clauses in English Grammar

A clause is the basic building block of a sentence; by definition, it must contain a subject and a verb. Although they appear simple, clauses can function in complex ways in English grammar. A clause can function as a simple sentence, or it may be joined to other clauses with conjunctions to form complex sentences. A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate. It may be either a complete  sentence (also known as an independent or  main clause) or a sentence-like construction within another sentence (called a dependent or subordinate clause). When clauses are joined so that one modifies another, they are called matrix clauses. Independent: Charlie bought a 57 Thunderbird. Dependent: Because he loved classic cars Matrix: Because he loved classic cars, Charlie bought a 57 Thunderbird. Clauses can function in several ways, as outlined below. Adjective Clause This dependent clause (adjective clause) is also known as a relevant clause because it usually contains a relative pronoun or relative adverb. It is used to modify a subject, much as an adjective would, and is also known as a relative clause. Example: This is the ball that Sammy Sosa hit over the left-field wall in the World Series.   Adverbial Clause Another dependent clause, adverbial clauses function like an adverb, indicating time, place, condition, contrast, concession, reason, purpose, or result. Typically, an adverbial clause is set off with a comma and subordinating conjunction. Example: Although Billy loves pasta and bread, hes on a no-carb diet. Comparative Clause These comparative subordinate clauses use adjectives or adverbs such as like or than to draw a comparison. They are also known as proportional clauses. Example: Julieta is a better poker player than I am. Complement Clause Complementary clauses function like adjectives modifying a subject. They usually begin with a subordinating conjunction and modify the subject-verb relationship. Example: I never expected that you would fly to Japan. Concessive Clause A subordinate clause, the concessive clause is  used to contrast or justify the main idea of the sentence. It is typically set off by a subordinating conjunction. Example: Because we were shivering, I turned up the heat. Conditional Clause Conditional clauses  are easy to recognize because they usually begin with the word if. A type of adjectival clause, conditionals express a hypothesis or condition. Example: If we can reach Tulsa, we can stop driving for the night. Coordinate Clause Coordinate  clauses usually begin  with the conjunctions and or but and express relativity or relationship with the subject of the main clause. Example: Sheldon drinks coffee, but Ernestine prefers tea. Noun Clause As the name suggests, noun clauses  are a sort of dependent clause that functions as a noun in relation to the main clause. They are typically offset with that, which, or what. Example: What I believe is irrelevant to the conversation. Reporting Clause The reporting clause is more commonly known as attribution because it identifies who is speaking or the source of what is being said. They always follow the noun or noun clause. Example: Im going to the mall, shouted Jerry from the garage. Verbless Clause This kind of subordinate clause may not seem like one because it lacks a verb. Verbless clauses provide tangential information that informs  but is not directly modifying the main clause. Example: In the interest of brevity, I will keep this speech short.